Formula SAE Rules 2021

Formula SAE Rules 2021 Version 1.0 GR - General Regulations GR.1 Formula SAE Competition Objective GR.1.1 Collegiate Design Series GR.1.2 Formula SAE Concept GR.1.3 Engineering Competition GR.1.4 Vehicle Design Objectives GR.1.5 Good Engineering Practices GR.1.6 Restriction on Vehicle Use GR.2 Formula SAE Rules and Organizer Authority GR.2.1 Rules Authority GR.2.2 Rules Validity GR.2.3 Rules Alterations GR.2.4 Rules Compliance GR.2.5 Violations on Intent GR.2.6 Understanding the Rules GR.2.7 Participating in the Competition GR.2.8 Forfeit for Non Appearance GR.2.9 Right to Impound GR.2.10 Problem Resolution GR.2.11 General Authority GR.3 Rules of Conduct GR.3.1 Unsportsmanlike Conduct GR.3.2 Official Instructions GR.3.3 Arguments with Officials GR.3.4 Alcohol and Illegal Material GR.3.5 Smoking – Prohibited GR.4 Rules Format and Use GR.4.1 Definition of Terms GR.4.2 Capitalized Terms GR.4.3 Headings GR.4.4 Applicability GR.4.5 Change Identification GR.5 Rules Questions GR.5.1 Question Types GR.5.2 Question Format GR.5.3 Question Publication GR.6 Protests GR.6.1 Cause for Protest GR.6.2 Preliminary Review – Required GR.6.3 Protest Format GR.6.4 Protest Point Bond GR.6.5 Protest Period GR.6.6 Decision GR.7 Vehicle Eligibility GR.7.1 Student Developed Vehicle GR.7.2 Definitions GR.7.3 Formula SAE Competition Eligibility AD - Administrative Regulations AD.1 The Formula SAE Series AD.1.1 Rule Variations AD.1.2 Official Announcements and Competition Information AD.1.3 Official Languages AD.2 Official Information Sources AD.2.1 Event Website AD.2.2 FSAE Online Website AD.2.3 Contacts AD.3 Individual Participation Requirements AD.3.1 Eligibility AD.3.2 Age AD.3.3 Driver’s License AD.3.4 Society Membership AD.3.5 Medical Insurance AD.3.6 Disabled Accessibility AD.4 Individual Registration Requirements AD.4.1 Preliminary Registration AD.4.2 Onsite Registration AD.5 Team Advisors and Officers AD.5.1 Faculty Advisor AD.5.2 Electrical System Officer (EV Only)AD.5.3 Electric System Advisor (EV Only)AD.6 Competition Registration AD.6.1 General Information AD.6.2 Registration Details AD.6.3 Registration Fees AD.6.4 Waitlist AD.6.5 Withdrawals AD.7 Competition Site AD.7.1 Personal Vehicles AD.7.2 Motorcycles, Bicycles, Rollerblades, etc. - Prohibited AD.7.3 Self-propelled Pit Carts, Tool Boxes, etc. - Prohibited AD.7.4 Trash Cleanup DR - Document Requirements DR.1 Documentation DR.1.1 Requirements DR.1.2 Definitions DR.2 Submission Details DR.2.1 Submission Location DR.2.2 Submission Format Requirements DR.3 Submission Penalties DR.3.2 Penalty Detail DR.3.3 Removal of Team Entry DR.3.4 Specific Penalties V - Vehicle Requirements V.1 Configuration V.1.1 Open Wheel V.1.2 Wheelbase V.1.3 Vehicle Track V.1.4 Ground Clearance V.2 Driver V.2.1 Accommodation V.2.2 Visibility V.3 Suspension and Steering V.3.1 Suspension V.3.2 Steering V.3.3 Steering Wheel V.4 Wheels and Tires V.4.1 Wheel Size V.4.2 Wheel Attachment V.4.3 Tires F - Chassis and Structural F.1 Definitions F.1.1 Chassis F.1.2 Frame Member F.1.3 Monocoque F.1.4 Main Hoop F.1.5 Front Hoop F.1.6 Roll Hoop(s)F.1.7 Roll Hoop Bracing Supports F.1.8 Front Bulkhead F.1.9 Impact Attenuator F.1.10 Primary Structure F.1.11 Primary Structure Envelope F.1.12 Major Structure F.1.13 Rollover Protection Envelope F.1.14 Tire Surface Envelope F.1.15 Component Envelope F.1.16 Buckling Modulus (EI)F.1.17 Triangulation F.1.18 Nonflammable Material F.2 Documentation F.2.1 Structural Equivalency Spreadsheet - SES F.2.2 Structural Documentation F.2.3 Equivalence F.2.4 Fabrication F.3 Tubing and Material F.3.1 Dimensions and Tolerance F.3.2 Tubing Requirements F.3.3 Non Structural Tubing F.3.4 Steel Tubing and Material F.3.5 Alternative Tubing Materials F.4 Composite and Other Materials F.4.1 Requirements F.4.2 Quasi-Isotropic Layup F.4.3 Laminate Testing F.4.4 Buckling Modulus – Equivalent Flat Panel Calculation F.5 Chassis Requirements F.5.1 Primary Structure F.5.2 Bent Tubes or Multiple Tubes F.5.3 Holes in Tubing F.5.4 Fasteners in Primary Structure F.5.5 Roll Hoops F.5.6 Front Hoop F.5.7 Main Hoop F.5.8 Main Hoop Bracing F.5.9 External Items F.5.10 Mechanically Attached Roll Hoop Bracing F.5.11 Other Bracing Requirements F.5.12 Other Side Tube Requirements F.5.13 Component Protection F.6 Tube Frames F.6.1 Front Bulkhead F.6.2 Front Bulkhead Support F.6.3 Front Hoop Bracing F.6.4 Side Impact Structure F.6.5 Shoulder Harness Mounting F.6.6 Main Hoop Bracing Supports F.7 Monocoque F.7.1 General Requirements F.7.2 Composite Monocoques F.7.3 Front Bulkhead F.7.4 Front Bulkhead Support F.7.5 Front Hoop Attachment F.7.6 Side Impact Structure F.7.7 Main Hoop Attachment F.7.8 Roll Hoop Bracing Attachment F.7.9 Attachments F.7.10 Driver Harness Attachment F.8 Front Chassis Protection F.8.1 Requirements F.8.2 Anti Intrusion Plate - AIP F.8.3 Composite Anti Intrusion Plate F.8.4 Impact Attenuator - IA F.8.5 Impact Attenuator Attachment F.8.6 Non Crushable Objects F.8.7 Impact Attenuator Data - IAD F.9 Fuel System (IC Only)F.9.1 Location F.9.2 Protection F.10 Accumulator Container (EV Only)F.10.1 General Requirements F.10.2 Design F.10.3 Attachment F.11 Tractive System (EV Only)F.11.1 Location F.11.2 Protection T - Technical Aspects T.1 Cockpit T.1.1 Cockpit Opening T.1.2 Internal Cross Section T.1.3 Driver Protection T.1.4 Controls Accessibility T.1.5 Driver’s Seat T.1.6 Thermal Protection T.1.7 Floor Closeout T.1.8 Firewall T.1.9 Tractive System Firewalls (EV Only)T.2 Driver Accommodation T.2.1 Harness Definitions T.2.2 Harness Specification T.2.3 Harness Requirements T.2.4 Belt, Strap and Harness Installation - General T.2.5 Lap Belt Mounting T.2.6 Shoulder Harness T.2.7 Anti-Submarine Belt Mounting T.2.8 Head Restraint T.2.9 Roll Bar Padding T.3 Brake System T.3.1 Mechanical T.3.2 Brake Over Travel Switch - BOTS T.3.3 Brake Light T.4 Electronic Throttle Components T.4.1 Applicability T.4.2 Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor - APPS T.4.3 Brake System Encoder - BSE T.5 Powertrain T.5.1 Transmission and Drive T.5.2 Drivetrain Shields and Guards T.5.3 Motor Protection (EV Only )T.5.4 Coolant Fluid T.5.5 System Sealing T.5.6 Catch Cans T.6 Pressurized Systems T.6.1 Compressed Gas Cylinders and Lines T.6.2 High Pressure Hydraulic Pumps and Lines T.7 Bodywork and Aerodynamic Devices T.7.1 Aerodynamic Devices T.7.2 Bodywork T.7.3 Measurement T.7.4 Length T.7.5 Width T.7.6 Height T.8 Fasteners T.8.1 Critical Fasteners T.8.2 Critical Fastener Requirements T.8.3 Positive Locking Mechanisms T.8.4 Requirements for All Fasteners T.9 Electrical Equipment T.9.1 Low Voltage Batteries VE - Vehicle and Driver Equipment VE.1 Vehicle Identification VE.1.1 Vehicle Number VE.1.2 School Name VE.1.3 SAE Logo VE.1.4 Inspection Sticker VE.1.5 Transponder VE.2 Vehicle Equipment VE.2.1 Jacking Point VE.2.2 Push Bar VE.2.3 Fire Extinguisher VE.2.4 Electrical Equipment (EV Only)VE.2.5 Camera Mounts VE.3 Driver Equipment VE.3.1 General VE.3.2 Helmet VE.3.3 Driver Gear IC - Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles IC.1 General Requirements IC.1.1 Engine Limitations IC.1.2 Air Intake and Fuel System Location IC.2 Air Intake System IC.2.1 General IC.2.2 Intake System Location IC.2.3 Intake System Mounting IC.2.4 Intake System Restrictor IC.2.5 Turbochargers & Superchargers IC.2.6 Connections to Intake IC.3 Throttle IC.3.1 General IC.3.2 Throttle Actuation Method IC.3.3 Throttle Actuation – Mechanical IC.4 Electronic Throttle Control IC.4.1 General Design IC.4.2 Commercial ETC System IC.4.3 Documentation IC.4.4 Throttle Position Sensor - TPS IC.4.5 Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor - APPS IC.4.6 Brake System Encoder - BSE IC.4.7 Plausibility Checks IC.4.8 Brake System Plausibility Device - BSPD IC.5 Fuel and Fuel System IC.5.1 Fuel IC.5.2 Fuel System IC.5.3 Fuel Tank IC.5.4 Fuel Filler Neck & Sight Tube IC.5.5 Fuel Tank Filling IC.5.6 Venting Systems IC.5.7 Fuel Lines IC.6 Fuel Injection IC.6.1 Low Pressure Injection (LPI)IC.6.2 High Pressure Injection (HPI) / Direct Injection (DI)IC.7 Exhaust and Noise Control IC.7.1 Exhaust Protection IC.7.2 Exhaust Outlet IC.7.3 Variable Exhaust IC.7.4 Connections to Exhaust IC.7.5 Noise Level and Testing IC.8 Electrical IC.8.1 Starter IC.8.2 Batteries IC.8.3 Voltage Limit for IC IC.8.4 Master Switches EV - Electric Vehicles EV.1 Definitions EV.1.1 High Voltage – HV EV.1.2 Low Voltage - LV EV.1.3 Tractive System EV.1.4 Grounded Low Voltage - GLV EV.1.5 Accumulator EV.1.6 Normally Open EV.2 Documentation EV.2.1 Electrical System Form - ESF EV.2.2 Failure Modes and Effects Analysis - FMEA EV.2.3 Submission Penalties EV.3 Work Practices EV.3.1 Personnel EV.3.2 Maintenance EV.3.3 Lockout EV.3.4 Accumulator EV.4 Electrical Limitations EV.4.1 Power and Voltage EV.4.2 Energy Meter EV.4.3 Violations EV.4.4 Penalties EV.5 Components EV.5.1 Motors EV.5.2 Motor Controller EV.5.3 Accumulator Container EV.5.4 Grounded Low Voltage System EV.5.5 Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor - APPS EV.5.6 Brake System Encoder - BSE EV.5.7 APPS / Brake Pedal Plausibility Check EV.5.8 Tractive System Part Positioning EV.5.9 Housings and Enclosures EV.5.10 Accumulator Hand Cart EV.6 Energy Storage EV.6.1 Accumulator EV.6.2 Electrical Configuration EV.6.3 Maintenance Plugs EV.6.4 Accumulator Isolation Relays - AIR EV.6.5 High Voltage Disconnect - HVD EV.6.6 Precharge and Discharge Circuits EV.6.7 Voltage Indicator EV.6.8 Tractive System Measuring Points - TSMP EV.6.9 Connectors EV.7 Electrical System EV.7.1 Covers EV.7.2 Insulation EV.7.3 Wiring EV.7.4 Connections EV.7.5 Voltage Separation EV.7.6 Overcurrent Protection EV.7.7 Grounding EV.8 Shutdown System EV.8.1 Shutdown Circuit EV.8.2 Shutdown Circuit Operation EV.8.3 Accumulator Management System - AMS EV.8.4 Accumulator Voltage EV.8.5 Accumulator Temperature EV.8.6 Insulation Monitoring Device - IMD EV.8.7 Brake System Plausibility Device - BSPD EV.8.8 Inertia Switch EV.8.9 Interlocks EV.8.10 Master Switches EV.8.11 Shutdown Buttons EV.9 Tractive System Operation EV.9.1 Activation EV.9.2 Tractive System Active Light - TSAL EV.9.3 Ready to Drive EV.9.4 Ready to Drive Sound EV.10 Charging EV.10.1 Charger Requirements EV.10.2 Charger Features EV.10.3 Charging Shutdown Circuit EV.10.4 Charging Shutdown Circuit Operation EV.10.5 Charging Area IN - Technical Inspection IN.1 Inspection Requirements IN.1.1 Inspection Required IN.1.2 Measurement IN.1.3 Team Responsibility IN.1.4 Technical Inspection Procedure IN.1.5 Technical Inspection Authority IN.1.6 Inspection Condition IN.1.7 Visible Access IN.1.8 Marked Items IN.1.9 Correction IN.1.10 Reinspection IN.2 Inspection Process IN.3 Initial Inspection IN.4 Electrical Technical Inspection (EV Only)IN.4.1 Inspection Items IN.4.2 Accumulator Inspection IN.4.3 Accumulator Access IN.4.4 Insulation Monitoring Device Test IN.4.5 Insulation Measurement Test IN.4.6 Ready to Drive Sound IN.4.7 Electrical Inspection Completion IN.5 Driver Cockpit Checks IN.5.1 Driver Clearance IN.5.2 Egress Test IN.5.3 Driver Clearance and Egress Test Completion IN.6 Driver Template Inspections IN.6.1 Conduct IN.6.2 Driver Template Clearance Criteria IN.7 Cockpit Template Inspections IN.7.1 Conduct IN.7.2 Cockpit Template Criteria IN.8 Mechanical Technical Inspection IN.8.1 Inspection Items IN.8.2 Aerodynamic Devices Stability and Strength IN.8.3 Monocoque Inspections IN.8.4 Engine Inspection (IC Only)IN.8.5 Mechanical Inspection Completion IN.9 Tilt Test IN.9.1 Tilt Test Requirements IN.9.2 Tilt Test Criteria IN.9.3 Tilt Test Completion IN.10 Noise and Switch Test (IC Only)IN.10.1 Sound Level Measurement IN.10.2 Special Configurations IN.10.3 Industrial Engine IN.10.4 Test Speeds IN.10.5 Maximum Permitted Sound Level IN.10.6 Noise Level Retesting IN.10.7 Switch Function IN.10.8 Noise Test Completion IN.11 Rain Test (EV Only)IN.11.1 Rain Test Requirements IN.11.2 Rain Test Conduct IN.11.3 Rain Test Completion IN.12 Brake Test IN.12.1 Objective IN.12.2 Brake Test Conduct (IC Only)IN.12.3 Brake Test Conduct (EV Only)IN.13 Inspection Approval IN.13.1 Inspection Approval IN.13.2 Inspection Sticker IN.13.3 Inspection Validity IN.14 Modifications and Repairs IN.14.1 Prior to Inspection Approval IN.14.2 After Inspection Approval IN.14.3 Repairs or Changes After Inspection Approval IN.15 Reinspection IN.15.1 Requirement IN.15.2 Conduct IN.15.3 Result S - Static Events S.1 General Static S.2 Presentation Event S.2.1 Presentation Event Objective S.2.2 Presentation Concept S.2.3 Presentation Schedule S.2.4 Presentation Submissions S.2.5 Presentation Format S.2.6 Presentation Equipment S.2.7 Evaluation Criteria S.2.8 Presentation Event Scoring S.3 Cost and Manufacturing Event S.3.1 Cost Event Objective S.3.2 Cost Event Supplement S.3.3 Cost Event Areas S.3.4 Cost Report S.3.5 Bill of Materials - BOM S.3.6 Late Submission S.3.7 Cost Addendum S.3.8 Cost Tables S.3.9 Make versus Buy S.3.10 Add Item Request S.3.11 Public Cost Reports S.3.12 Cost Report Penalties Process S.3.13 Event Day and Discussion S.3.14 Cost Audit S.3.15 Cost Scenario S.3.16 Cost Event Scoring S.4 Design Event S.4.1 Design Event Objective S.4.2 Design Documents S.4.3 Design Report Content and Format S.4.4 Spec Sheet Content and Format S.4.5 Vehicle Condition S.4.6 Support Material S.4.7 Judging Sequence S.4.8 Judging Criteria S.4.9 Design Event Scoring D - Dynamic Events D.1 General Dynamic D.1.1 Dynamic Events and Maximum Scores D.1.2 Definitions D.2 Pit and Paddock D.2.1 Vehicle Movement D.2.2 Fueling and Charging D.2.3 Engine Running Requirements D.3 Driving D.3.1 Drivers Meetings – Attendance Required D.3.2 Dynamic Area Limitations D.3.3 Driving Under Power D.3.4 Driving Offsite - Prohibited D.3.5 Driver Equipment D.3.6 Starting D.3.7 Practice Area D.3.8 Instructions from Officials D.3.9 Vehicle Integrity D.3.10 Stalled & Disabled Vehicles D.4 Flags D.4.1 Command Flags D.4.2 Informational Flags D.5 Weather Conditions D.5.1 Operating Adjustments D.5.2 Operating Conditions D.6 Tires and Tire Changes D.6.1 Tire Requirements D.6.2 Tire Changes during Endurance D.7 Driver Limitations D.7.1 Three Event Limit D.8 Definitions D.9 Acceleration Event D.9.1 Acceleration Layout D.9.2 Acceleration Procedure D.9.3 Acceleration Penalties D.9.4 Acceleration Scoring D.10 Skidpad Event D.10.1 Skidpad Layout D.10.2 Skidpad Procedure D.10.3 Skidpad Penalties D.10.4 Skidpad Scoring D.11 Autocross Event D.11.1 Autocross Layout D.11.2 Autocross Procedure D.11.3 Autocross Penalties D.11.4 Autocross Scoring D.12 Endurance Event D.12.1 Endurance General Information D.12.2 Endurance Layout D.12.3 Endurance Run Order D.12.4 Endurance Vehicle Starting / Restarting D.12.5 Endurance Event Procedure D.12.6 Endurance Run Procedure D.12.7 Driver Change Limitations D.12.8 Driver Change Procedure D.12.9 Breakdowns & Stalls D.12.10 Endurance Event – Black Flags D.12.11 Endurance Event – Passing D.12.12 Endurance Penalties D.12.13 Endurance Scoring D.13 Efficiency Event D.13.1 Efficiency General Information D.13.2 Efficiency Procedure D.13.3 Efficiency Eligibility D.13.4 Efficiency Alternate Scoring (EV Only)D.13.5 Efficiency Scoring D.14 Post Endurance Untitled D.14.1 Technical Inspection Required D.14.2 Post Endurance Penalties D.14.3 Post Endurance Penalty Guidelines