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F.5.2 Bent Tubes or Multiple Tubes‌

F.5.2.1 The minimum radius of any bend, measured at the tube centerline, must be three or more times the tube outside diameter (3 x OD).

F.5.2.2 Bends must be smooth and continuous with no evidence of crimping or wall failure.

F.5.2.3 If a bent tube (or member consisting of multiple tubes that are not in a line) is used anywhere in the Primary Structure other than the Roll Hoops, an additional tube must be attached to support it.

a. The support tube attachment point must be at the position along the bent tube where it deviates farthest from a straight line connecting both ends

b. The support tube must terminate at a node of the chassis

c. The support tube for any bent tube (other than the Upper Side Impact Member or Shoulder Harness Mounting Bar) must be:

 The same diameter and thickness as the bent tube

 Angled no more than 30° from the plane of the bent tube

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